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-- Ancient Section, 2000 --

Most of the information and pictures found here are courtesy of the History of Computers website, whose efforts in documenting these milestones are greatly appreciated.


<1820   The Abacus.
<1820   Blaise Pascal's calculating machine.
<1820   The Reckoning Machine developed by Baron von Leibnitz.
1833   Charles Babbage: Machine with Input, Storage, & Output.
1886   Herman Hollerith: Founder of IBM (Use of Punched cards).
1932   George Stibitz built a digital calculator that displayed the result of the addition of two bits.
1939   Atanasoff and Berry designed the first digital computer. The Atanasoff Berry Computer.
1941   Konrad Zuse developed the first fully functional, automatic, programmable, general purpose, digital computer called Z3.
1944   Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper developed the MARK I, a electro-mechanical computer, used by the US Navy for serious calculations.
1946   J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly complete the ENIAC.
1947   The first RAM is used.
1948   John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and Wiliam Shockley invented the transistor.
1949   John v. Neumann drafted a report on a stored-program computer (Neumann computer). This led to the construction of the EDVAC.
1958   Jack S. Kilby developed the first IC.
1971   Intel 4004 First single chip 4-Bit CPU, built by Marcian E. Hoff.
1969   UNIX, was first developed as a private research project of Ken Thompson.
1974   Altair 8800, the famous, affordable desktop computer.
1976   Apple I put together in the garage of Steve Jobs.
1981   Microsoft DOS, the operating system of the IBM PC.
1985   Microsoft Windows, Microsoft develop an OS similar to that of Apple.
1990   Geoworks, the promising competitor of Microsoft Windows, which didn't quite make it.